WO2003070655A1 - Controlled low strength flowable fill composition - Google Patents
Controlled low strength flowable fill composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003070655A1 WO2003070655A1 PCT/US2003/004835 US0304835W WO03070655A1 WO 2003070655 A1 WO2003070655 A1 WO 2003070655A1 US 0304835 W US0304835 W US 0304835W WO 03070655 A1 WO03070655 A1 WO 03070655A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- calcium
- fly ash
- class
- composition
- amount
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
- C04B2111/00706—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like around pipelines or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- This invention relates to Controlled Low-Strength Mixtures (CLSMs), or flowable back-fills.
- CLSMs Controlled Low-Strength Mixtures
- This class of materials has utility as pipe bedding materials where they are used to both protect the pipe from external agents and internal loads. They have also been used as an erosion barrier in embankments and as a mine fill material.
- CLSMs typically have strengths of less than 2000 psi and, in cases where removal is contemplated, less than 200 psi for ease of removal.
- the material should be initially in the form of an easily pumpable, self-leveling slurry. Rapid early strength development (approximately 50-70 psi) is a desirable property and is currently not obtainable with commercial products without the penalty of high strength development at later stages.
- Patent No. 5,106,422 discloses Class C Fly ash in a rapid setting flowable backfill composition and method for its use.
- existing compositions are based upon the use of either Portland cement or Class C fly ash used individually or in combination as the hydraulic cement component of the CLSM system.
- these cementitious materials are used at less than 5% by weight in the case of Portland cement or as much as 50% in the case of Class C fly ash with the remainder being some form of aggregate, usually fine sand or soil from the spoil with small amounts of additional rock and gravel or Class F fly ash.
- Cement-based materials can take days to hydrate, cure, and achieve even a modest strength of 50 psi which is typically the minimum strength required for a man to walk upon the surface of the bedding material and represents the minimum safe time before the cover fill may be placed.
- Class C fly ash based systems may take as long as four hours to hydrate, cure, and achieve this strength. In many cases, locally available Class C fly ash is not desirable for use in these types of product due to slow hydration, cure, and set times and low strengths. Strength may be compensated for by the use of additional Class C fly ash but the cost of the additional fly ash may result in cost prohibitive products.
- the system of the present invention minimizes the down time before cover fill may be placed and represents a significant savings of both time and money for the user.
- the present inventive composition and method allow for control variability in strength and hydration, cure, and set times of a CLSM system utilizing Class C fly which results in a Class C-based flowable fill capable of competing in markets previously inaccessible.
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a graphic representation of the effect of set time of Class C mortars with lime.
- DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Class C fly ash as defined in ASTM C 618 is a coal combustion product that meets particular size requirements and mineralogical specifications.
- a typical chemical composition for this class of fly ash is as follows: Percent by Weight Silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) plus aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) plus iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), min. 50.0 Sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ), max. 5.0 Moisture content, max. 3.0 Loss on ignition, max. 6.0 This is a rather broad description for this class of material, and significant variability may exist for materials conforming to this requirement. The variability manifests itself as differences in hydration and set time and strength between several samples of Class C fly ash either from the same or different sources. It has been found that a major factor contributing to variability is the amount of available calcium present in the sample.
- Class C Fly ash 50 grams of Class C Fly ash, 250 grams ASTM C 33 graded washed silica sand (Espey Sand, San Antonio, Texas) and 35 mL deionized water were mixed for 1 minute and poured into a 2" cube mold. The set time was determined to be 62 minutes as shown in Table 1 below. Examples 2-8 Coal Fly ash from Deeley Power Plant, San Antonio, Texas, was obtained and used as received. 50 grams of Class C Fly ash, 250 grams ASTM C 33 graded washed silica sand (Espey Sand, San Antonio, Texas), varying amounts of type S hydrated lime and 35 mL deionized water were mixed for 1 minute and poured into a 2" cube mold.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003219790A AU2003219790A1 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2003-02-19 | Controlled low strength flowable fill composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US35813602P | 2002-02-20 | 2002-02-20 | |
US60/358,136 | 2002-02-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003070655A1 true WO2003070655A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
Family
ID=27757707
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2003/004835 WO2003070655A1 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2003-02-19 | Controlled low strength flowable fill composition |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2003219790A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003070655A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004080911A1 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-23 | Flowable Fill, Ltd. | Controlled low strength flowable fill composition with iron chelating compounds |
US7288148B2 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2007-10-30 | Cemex, Inc. | Rapid hardening hydraulic cement from subbituminous fly ash and products thereof |
CN104496222A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 同济大学 | Method for manufacturing controllable low-strength material from carbide slag, steel slag and coal gangue |
US9561983B2 (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2017-02-07 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
CN106396436A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-15 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for modifying steel-slag water-washed dust slime into cement clinker |
US10457601B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2019-10-29 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Settable compositions comprising remediated fly ash (RFA) and methods of cementing in subterranean formations |
US10822442B2 (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2020-11-03 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Rheology-modifying agents for slurries |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4018617A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1977-04-19 | Nicholson Realty Ltd. | Mixture for pavement bases and the like |
WO1989005284A1 (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1989-06-15 | Lone Star Industries, Inc. | Hydraulic cement and composition employing the same |
AT394036B (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1992-01-27 | Oesterr Draukraftwerke | Flowable mixture for filling hollow spaces such as ditches for long-distance heating pipes, storage tanks, containing fly ash, hydraulic binder and water |
US5106422A (en) | 1991-01-18 | 1992-04-21 | American Electric Power Service Corporation | Rapid-setting flowable backfill composition and method of using |
FR2672046A1 (en) * | 1991-01-29 | 1992-07-31 | Jacquart Arnould | Process for the activation of latent hydraulic and pozzolanic binders with the aid of basic industrial residues |
EP0539287A1 (en) * | 1991-10-22 | 1993-04-28 | Eurogranulats | Composition for a road foundation based on converter slag and method for preparing the same |
US5584792A (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-12-17 | Webster; William C. | Method of stabilizing industrial wastes and fly ash compositions useful in same |
DE19531942A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-20 | Ver Energiewerke Ag | Cement-free hydraulic setting building material prodn. |
EP1112985A2 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-07-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Settable oil and gas well fluid compositions |
US6277189B1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2001-08-21 | The Board Of Trustees Of Southern Illinois University | Coal combustion by-products-based lightweight structural materials and processes for making them |
US6334895B1 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2002-01-01 | The University Of Wyoming Research Corporation | System for producing manufactured materials from coal combustion ash |
-
2003
- 2003-02-19 AU AU2003219790A patent/AU2003219790A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-19 WO PCT/US2003/004835 patent/WO2003070655A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4018617A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1977-04-19 | Nicholson Realty Ltd. | Mixture for pavement bases and the like |
WO1989005284A1 (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1989-06-15 | Lone Star Industries, Inc. | Hydraulic cement and composition employing the same |
AT394036B (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1992-01-27 | Oesterr Draukraftwerke | Flowable mixture for filling hollow spaces such as ditches for long-distance heating pipes, storage tanks, containing fly ash, hydraulic binder and water |
US5106422A (en) | 1991-01-18 | 1992-04-21 | American Electric Power Service Corporation | Rapid-setting flowable backfill composition and method of using |
FR2672046A1 (en) * | 1991-01-29 | 1992-07-31 | Jacquart Arnould | Process for the activation of latent hydraulic and pozzolanic binders with the aid of basic industrial residues |
EP0539287A1 (en) * | 1991-10-22 | 1993-04-28 | Eurogranulats | Composition for a road foundation based on converter slag and method for preparing the same |
US5584792A (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-12-17 | Webster; William C. | Method of stabilizing industrial wastes and fly ash compositions useful in same |
DE19531942A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-20 | Ver Energiewerke Ag | Cement-free hydraulic setting building material prodn. |
US6334895B1 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2002-01-01 | The University Of Wyoming Research Corporation | System for producing manufactured materials from coal combustion ash |
US6277189B1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2001-08-21 | The Board Of Trustees Of Southern Illinois University | Coal combustion by-products-based lightweight structural materials and processes for making them |
EP1112985A2 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-07-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Settable oil and gas well fluid compositions |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004080911A1 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2004-09-23 | Flowable Fill, Ltd. | Controlled low strength flowable fill composition with iron chelating compounds |
US7288148B2 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2007-10-30 | Cemex, Inc. | Rapid hardening hydraulic cement from subbituminous fly ash and products thereof |
US10017418B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-07-10 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
US9561983B2 (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2017-02-07 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
US9611174B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2017-04-04 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
US10370295B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2019-08-06 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
US10377667B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2019-08-13 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
US10689292B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2020-06-23 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
US11299424B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2022-04-12 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing fly ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
US11773018B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2023-10-03 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Pozzolanic compositions containing coal ash and remediation agents for use in cementitious materials |
CN104496222A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-04-08 | 同济大学 | Method for manufacturing controllable low-strength material from carbide slag, steel slag and coal gangue |
CN106396436A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-02-15 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for modifying steel-slag water-washed dust slime into cement clinker |
US10457601B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2019-10-29 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Settable compositions comprising remediated fly ash (RFA) and methods of cementing in subterranean formations |
US10829414B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2020-11-10 | CR Minerals Company, LLC | Settable compositions comprising remediated fly ash (RFA) and methods of cementing in subterranean formations |
US10822442B2 (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2020-11-03 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Rheology-modifying agents for slurries |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003219790A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 |
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