US1936089A - Process for printing for the blind - Google Patents
Process for printing for the blind Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1936089A US1936089A US63323732A US1936089A US 1936089 A US1936089 A US 1936089A US 63323732 A US63323732 A US 63323732A US 1936089 A US1936089 A US 1936089A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- printing
- characters
- blind
- raised
- adhesive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 76
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007644 letterpress printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/16—Braille printing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
- Y10T156/1039—Surface deformation only of sandwich or lamina [e.g., embossed panels]
Definitions
- a special machine having a key board with six keys and a control, is arranged so that any combination of the keys produce a corresponding arrangement of pins which are adapted to correspondingly form a special kind of matrix.
- This matrix is composed of two zinc sheets; or other soft materi-.-com1ected together on one end.
- the machine operates very similarly to a typewriter to form the matrix, these matrix sheets moving to new positions upon each operation of the control.
- the paper sheet material is next formed by placing the paper between the sheets of the matrix and applying pressure thus embossing the paper.
- the gaining of this object is of great advantage for various reasons.
- First of all the monotype, linotype, and other machines are highly developed comparedwith the crude machines now used exclusively for printing for the blind.
- the superior development of the linotype and monotype, etc. is due to the fact that it is used in regular printing.
- the feature which allows the paper to be printed at a regular printing press is so great an advantageaover the printing of sheets from the matrices previously here explained that there is absolutely no comparison between the two as regards speed.
- the reason for this lies in the fact that the printing machines are highly developed, since they are used for regular printing, as contrasted with the apparatus used for printing for the blind.
- a still further object of this invention is to take advantage of the printing press for the application of adhesive on the under side of the raised characters which is adapted to hold the reinforcement material.
- the invention still further proposes the provision of a process as mentioned which is simple and which may be efficiently carried out in practice.
- Fig. 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a sheet of paper printed according to this invention.
- Fig. 2 is .a fragmentary enlarged sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1. 90
- First type is set on the monotype, linotype or other machine or hand set and used as a male die.
- the standard machines and type may be slightly altered so as to have the necessary characters for reading by the blind.
- a female die should be formed-from the male die. This preferably should be done by placing the male die within a conventional printing press and causing the press to engage the male die against a material which now forms the female die.
- the dies and press are now ready to print according. to this inventiom' r
- the press should be run in a conventional manner and the sheet material passed in between the male'and female dies.
- the maledie should be-wetted with adhesive material so as to 11c engage into the under sides of the raised characters formed by the printing.
- the adhesive material should be printers ink, but might be any other material.
- a resinous material or shellac, or fusible powder or other material should be engaged upon the rear side of the printed sheet while the ink or adhesiveis still wet.
- Thefinal step is the application of heat to cause it'to fuse to the adhesive. When it becomes hard it serves to reinforce the characters.
- Material which sets instead of fuses may also: be used to accomplish the reinforcing and so eliminate the heating step. Also material which sets or fuses and itself sticks may be used and so the step of applying the adhesive may be eliminated.
- FIGs. 1 and 2 a sheet of paper printed according to this invention has been disclosed.
- Reference numeral 10 indicates the paper upon which the blind characters 11 are arranged. These characters are formed by pressing the paper up from the back so as to form a cavity 12 on the back side of the paper. Within this cavity there is engaged adhesive material 13, engaged therein by printing as previously described. Reinforcement material 14 is fused together with this adhesive material preferably by dusting powered resinous or other fusible material or material which is capable of setting and sticking to the adhesive material 14, upon the back side of the sheet 10 so as to fill in the cavities, 12. If the material 14 is of the fusible type the printed sheetmust be passed through a suitable heater tov cause fusing.
- the raised characters 11 are produced on a conventional printing press by a male and female die. Further it must be borne in mind that the male die is inked by the conventional printing press with printers ink or adhesive material so that simultaneously with the printing which causes the raising of the characters, the adhesive material is deposited within the cavities on the back side of the sheet. While this adhesive material is still wet, or in adhesive condition, the reinforce-' ment material 14 is engaged in place. 7
- printed matter according to this invention will bemore durable than printed matter according to previous processes.
- the blind' read printed matter they pass their fingersover the raised characters, which, after continuous use wear down and become unreadable, but withthe reinforcement'upon the under side of the raised characters they maintain their raised conditions for'much greater wear and tear during use.
- the sheet material 10 may be of thinner material than ordinary blind printing in that the strength of the material itself is not depended upon for maintaining of the raised characters in proper reading condition.
- Printed matter for the blind comprising sheet material having characters raisedfrom the surface forced up from the under sides and rein forcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material.
- Printed matter for the blind comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under side and reinforcement material. in the under side of each of the raised pcrtionsof the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material being fusible material adhesively engaged in place.
- Printed matter for the blind comprising sheet'material having characters'raised from the surface forced up from the under sides and reinforcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material being fusible material adhesively engaged in place, said fusible material being a powder.
- Printed matter for the blind comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under side and reinforcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material being a fusible powder fused into place.
- Printed matter for the blind comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under side and reinforcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material comprising adhesive material engaged in the under sides of said charac ters, and fusible material fused together with said adhesive material.
- Printed matter for the blind comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under sides and rein-' forcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said, sheet material, said reinforcement material comprising adhesive material engaged in the under sides of said characters, and fusible material fused together with said adhesive material, said adhesive material being printers ink.
- a process for'printing for the blind consisting of printing material with a male and female die, adding adhesive material on said male die during the printing to engage it on the under side of said raised characters, and while the adhesive is still active, applying and fusing material therewith to reinforce the characters.
- a process for printing for the blind consisting of printing material with a male die and a female die, adding adhesive material on said male die during the printing to engage it on the under side of said raised characters, and while the adhesive is still active, applying and fusing material therewith to reinforce the characters, said adhesive material being printers ink.
- a process for printing for the blind consisting of printing material with a male and female die, adding adhesive material on said male die during the printing to engage it on the under side of said raised characters, and while the ading of using characters asa male die, forming ;
- female die from said male die, printing sheet material from said male and female dies, applying adhesive material on said male die during printing to engage the adhesive material upon the under side of the raised characters, placing fusible powder in the raised characters, and applying heat to fuse the powder to said adhesive material.
- a process for printing for the blind consisting of using characters as a male die, forming a. female die from said male die, printing sheet material from said male and female dies, applying adhesive material on said male die during printing to engage the adhesive material upon the un-
Description
NOV. 21, 1933- R JACQUEROD 1,936,089
PROCESS FOR PRINTING FOR THE BLIND Filed Sept. 15, 1932 INVENTOR- Hagg R. Jawv aop ATTORNEY- Patented Nov. 21, 1933 UNITED sT rEs PATENT OFFICE Application September 15, 1932 Serial No. 633,237
12 Claims.
- up from the back leaving a cavity in the back) is used for reading by the sense of touch. Such raised. characters generally are composed of different arrangements of dots. This type of printing is very expensive, but not very durable in that after repeated reading-the readers fingers pass so many times over the raised surfaces that they become worn and cannot be read further. In order to make the printing as durable as possi ble very thick paper is used and consequently the books so printed are very thick but contain very little printing matter. T
To better understandthe invention the old process used in printing for the blind is now given. A special machine having a key board with six keys and a control, is arranged so that any combination of the keys produce a corresponding arrangement of pins which are adapted to correspondingly form a special kind of matrix. This matrix is composed of two zinc sheets; or other soft materi-.-com1ected together on one end. The machine operates very similarly to a typewriter to form the matrix, these matrix sheets moving to new positions upon each operation of the control. The paper sheet material is next formed by placing the paper between the sheets of the matrix and applying pressure thus embossing the paper. n a
It is an object of this invention to provide a process whereby the monotype, linotype, or any other similar machine or hand set type may be used to form the characters for blind printing and whereby the paper may be printed upon a conventional letter press printing press or similar press. The gaining of this object is of great advantage for various reasons. First of all the monotype, linotype, and other machines are highly developed comparedwith the crude machines now used exclusively for printing for the blind. The superior development of the linotype and monotype, etc. is due to the fact that it is used in regular printing. Furthermore the feature which allows the paper to be printed at a regular printing press is so great an advantageaover the printing of sheets from the matrices previously here explained that there is absolutely no comparison between the two as regards speed. The reason for this lies in the fact that the printing machines are highly developed, since they are used for regular printing, as contrasted with the apparatus used for printing for the blind.
It is a still further object of this invention to reinforce the raised characters on the paper material on their under side. The ascertaining of this object is a tremendous improvement over the present reading material for the blind. When the raised characters are reinforced these characters are more durable under the wearing action of the tips of the fingers during reading. Further a thinner sheet of paper may be used and consequently the book printed is much thinner but contains much more reading matter inrelation to books printed according to present methods.
A still further object of this invention is to take advantage of the printing press for the application of adhesive on the under side of the raised characters which is adapted to hold the reinforcement material. I
The invention still further proposes the provision of a process as mentioned which is simple and which may be efficiently carried out in practice.
For further comprehension of the invention, andof the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features of the invention are moreparticularly set forth.
In the accompanying drawing forming a material part of this disclosure:-
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary plan view of a sheet of paper printed according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is .a fragmentary enlarged sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1. 90
To understand the invention the following is given as one of themost approved sequences of steps to carry out the process: e I
First type is set on the monotype, linotype or other machine or hand set and used as a male die. 7 The standard machines and type may be slightly altered so as to have the necessary characters for reading by the blind. Next a female die should be formed-from the male die. This preferably should be done by placing the male die within a conventional printing press and causing the press to engage the male die against a material which now forms the female die. The dies and press are now ready to print according. to this inventiom' r The press should be run in a conventional manner and the sheet material passed in between the male'and female dies. The maledie should be-wetted with adhesive material so as to 11c engage into the under sides of the raised characters formed by the printing. Preferably the adhesive material should be printers ink, but might be any other material.
Next a resinous material or shellac, or fusible powder or other material should be engaged upon the rear side of the printed sheet while the ink or adhesiveis still wet. Thefinal step is the application of heat to cause it'to fuse to the adhesive. When it becomes hard it serves to reinforce the characters. Material which sets instead of fuses may also: be used to accomplish the reinforcing and so eliminate the heating step. Also material which sets or fuses and itself sticks may be used and so the step of applying the adhesive may be eliminated.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a sheet of paper printed according to this invention has been disclosed. Reference numeral 10 indicates the paper upon which the blind characters 11 are arranged. These characters are formed by pressing the paper up from the back so as to form a cavity 12 on the back side of the paper. Within this cavity there is engaged adhesive material 13, engaged therein by printing as previously described. Reinforcement material 14 is fused together with this adhesive material preferably by dusting powered resinous or other fusible material or material which is capable of setting and sticking to the adhesive material 14, upon the back side of the sheet 10 so as to fill in the cavities, 12. If the material 14 is of the fusible type the printed sheetmust be passed through a suitable heater tov cause fusing.
It should be understood that the raised characters 11 are produced on a conventional printing press by a male and female die. Further it must be borne in mind that the male die is inked by the conventional printing press with printers ink or adhesive material so that simultaneously with the printing which causes the raising of the characters, the adhesive material is deposited within the cavities on the back side of the sheet. While this adhesive material is still wet, or in adhesive condition, the reinforce-' ment material 14 is engaged in place. 7
It will be readily understood that printed matter according to this invention will bemore durable than printed matter according to previous processes. When the blind' read printed matter they pass their fingersover the raised characters, which, after continuous use wear down and become unreadable, but withthe reinforcement'upon the under side of the raised characters they maintain their raised conditions for'much greater wear and tear during use. 'In' addition the sheet material 10 may be of thinner material than ordinary blind printing in that the strength of the material itself is not depended upon for maintaining of the raised characters in proper reading condition.
While I have illustrated and described my invention with some degree of particularly, I realize that in practice various alterationstherein may be made. I therefore reserve the right and privilege of changing the form of the details of construction or otherwise altering the arrangement of the correlated parts without departing from the spirit or the scope of the: appended claims. 7
Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:-
1. Printed matter for the blind, comprising sheet material having characters raisedfrom the surface forced up from the under sides and rein forcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material.
2. Printed matter for the blind, comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under side and reinforcement material. in the under side of each of the raised pcrtionsof the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material being fusible material adhesively engaged in place.
3. Printed matter for the blind, comprising sheet'material having characters'raised from the surface forced up from the under sides and reinforcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material being fusible material adhesively engaged in place, said fusible material being a powder.
4. Printed matter for the blind, comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under side and reinforcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material being a fusible powder fused into place.
5. Printed matter for the blind, comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under side and reinforcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said sheet material, said reinforcement material comprising adhesive material engaged in the under sides of said charac ters, and fusible material fused together with said adhesive material.
6. Printed matter for the blind, comprising sheet material having characters raised from the surface forced up from the under sides and rein-' forcement material in the under side of each of the raised portions of the characters and within the bottom surface of said, sheet material, said reinforcement material comprising adhesive material engaged in the under sides of said characters, and fusible material fused together with said adhesive material, said adhesive material being printers ink.
'7. A process for'printing for the blind, consisting of printing material with a male and female die, adding adhesive material on said male die during the printing to engage it on the under side of said raised characters, and while the adhesive is still active, applying and fusing material therewith to reinforce the characters.
8. A process for printing for the blind, consist ing of printing material with a male die and a female die, adding adhesive material on said male die during the printing to engage it on the under side of said raised characters, and while the adhesive is still active, applying and fusing material therewith to reinforce the characters, said adhesive material being printers ink. I
9. A process for printing for the blind, consisting of printing material with a male and female die, adding adhesive material on said male die during the printing to engage it on the under side of said raised characters, and while the ading of using characters asa male die, forming ;a 5
female die from said male die, printing sheet material from said male and female dies, applying adhesive material on said male die during printing to engage the adhesive material upon the under side of the raised characters, placing fusible powder in the raised characters, and applying heat to fuse the powder to said adhesive material.
11. A process for printing for the blind, consisting of using characters as a male die, forming a. female die from said male die, printing sheet material from said male and female dies, applying adhesive material on said male die during printing to engage the adhesive material upon the un-
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63323732 US1936089A (en) | 1932-09-15 | 1932-09-15 | Process for printing for the blind |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US63323732 US1936089A (en) | 1932-09-15 | 1932-09-15 | Process for printing for the blind |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1936089A true US1936089A (en) | 1933-11-21 |
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ID=24538821
Family Applications (1)
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US63323732 Expired - Lifetime US1936089A (en) | 1932-09-15 | 1932-09-15 | Process for printing for the blind |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3132962A (en) * | 1962-06-18 | 1964-05-12 | Burroughs Corp | Record means and method of making same |
US3197889A (en) * | 1960-09-21 | 1965-08-03 | Evangelia A Micropoulou | Method of forming letters and numbers readable by the blind |
US5993089A (en) * | 1997-02-03 | 1999-11-30 | Burrell, Iv; James William | 8-bit binary code for use as an 8-dot braille arrangement and data entry system and method for 8-key chordic binary keyboards |
WO2000051824A1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2000-09-08 | Canadian Bank Note Company, Limited | Tactile markings for banknotes and method of making the same |
-
1932
- 1932-09-15 US US63323732 patent/US1936089A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3197889A (en) * | 1960-09-21 | 1965-08-03 | Evangelia A Micropoulou | Method of forming letters and numbers readable by the blind |
US3132962A (en) * | 1962-06-18 | 1964-05-12 | Burroughs Corp | Record means and method of making same |
US5993089A (en) * | 1997-02-03 | 1999-11-30 | Burrell, Iv; James William | 8-bit binary code for use as an 8-dot braille arrangement and data entry system and method for 8-key chordic binary keyboards |
WO2000051824A1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2000-09-08 | Canadian Bank Note Company, Limited | Tactile markings for banknotes and method of making the same |
US6227572B1 (en) | 1999-03-01 | 2001-05-08 | Eric A. Lyen | Durable tactile indicia for banknotes/documents and method of making same |
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