DE4034007A1 - Optical examination of teeth - involves coating measurement surface with fluorescent material and illuminating with matched light and evaluation of scattered light - Google Patents
Optical examination of teeth - involves coating measurement surface with fluorescent material and illuminating with matched light and evaluation of scattered lightInfo
- Publication number
- DE4034007A1 DE4034007A1 DE4034007A DE4034007A DE4034007A1 DE 4034007 A1 DE4034007 A1 DE 4034007A1 DE 4034007 A DE4034007 A DE 4034007A DE 4034007 A DE4034007 A DE 4034007A DE 4034007 A1 DE4034007 A1 DE 4034007A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- beam path
- matched
- teeth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/04—Measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C9/00—Impression cups, i.e. impression trays; Impression methods
- A61C9/004—Means or methods for taking digitized impressions
- A61C9/0046—Data acquisition means or methods
- A61C9/0053—Optical means or methods, e.g. scanning the teeth by a laser or light beam
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
- G01B11/303—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces using photoelectric detection means
Abstract
Description
Aus der EP-00 54 785 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung medizi nischer, insbesonderer zahntechnischer, Paßkörper bekannt, bei dem die Oberflächenstrukturen, an denen der Paßkörper einge setzt werden soll, nach der Bearbeitung auf optischem Weg be rührungsfrei räumlich erfaßt werden. Die dreidimensionale Ver messung erfolgt mittels einer als Handinstrument ausgebildeten 3 D-Kamera, in der eine Lichtquelle angeordnet ist, von der aus über eine geeignete Optik ein Lichtstrahlenbündel über einen Projektionsstrahlengang auf die zu erfassende Oberflächen struktur geworfen wird, wobei das an der Oberfläche zurückge streute Lichtstrahlenbündel über einen Beobachtungsstrahlengang einem Bildsensor zugeführt wird, dem eine entsprechende Aus werteelektronik vorgeschaltet ist.EP-00 54 785 describes a method for producing medicinal products African, in particular dental technology, fitting body known which the surface structures on which the fitting body turned should be set after processing by optical means be recorded spatially without contact. The three-dimensional ver measurement is carried out using a hand instrument 3D camera, in which a light source is arranged, from which a suitable light beam over a beam of light Projection beam path on the surfaces to be detected structure is thrown, which is reflected on the surface scattered light beams over an observation beam path is supplied to an image sensor which has a corresponding off value electronics is connected upstream.
Nachdem die Zähne an sich transluszent sind und die Zahnober flächen relativ glatt sind (Rauhtiefe<1µ), entstehen an der zu erfassenden Oberfläche unerwünschte Reflexionen, die kein bzw. nur ein unzureichendes Vermessen der Zahnoberfläche er möglichen. Um derartige Reflexionen zu vermeiden, überzieht man bisher die Oberfläche des präparierten Zahnes vor der opti schen Vermessung mit einem geeigneten Kontrastpuder, z. B. mit Titanoxid-Puder. Mit einem solchen Kontrastpuder, der eine Körnung aufweist, die oberhalb der Rauhigkeit der Zahnober fläche liegt, kann eine Mattierung der Zahnoberfläche erreicht werden. Das von der mattierten Oberfläche zurückgestreute Licht kann von dem Bildsensor, bei dem bekannten Verfahren ein CCD- Element, besser detektiert und die daraus gewonnenen Signale in der dem Bildsensor vorgeschalteten Auswerteelektronik ge nauer ausgewertet werden. After the teeth are translucent and the upper teeth surfaces are relatively smooth (roughness depth <1µ), arise at the surface to be detected unwanted reflections that no or only an insufficient measurement of the tooth surface possible. To avoid such reflections, covered So far, the surface of the prepared tooth in front of the opti cal measurement with a suitable contrast powder, e.g. B. with Titanium oxide powder. With such a contrast powder, the one Has grain that is above the roughness of the tooth surface surface, a matting of the tooth surface can be achieved will. The light scattered back from the matt surface can be a CCD from the image sensor, in the known method Element, better detected and the signals obtained from it in the evaluation electronics upstream of the image sensor be evaluated more precisely.
Um Meßfehler zu vermeiden, sollte die Mattierungsschicht gleichmäßig und dünn auf die Zahnoberfläche aufgebracht wer den.In order to avoid measurement errors, the matting layer evenly and thinly applied to the tooth surface the.
Die Mattierung mittels des Kontrastpuders stellte jedoch hohe Anforderungen an die Geschicklichkeit des Anwenders, insbeson dere um die geforderte gleichmäßige Beschichtung zu erzielen.However, the matting with the contrast powder was high Requirements for the skill of the user, in particular to achieve the required uniform coating.
Der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu grunde, demgegenüber eine Verbesserung zu erzielen, insbeson dere unter dem Aspekt, die optische Abtastung der Zahnober fläche für den Anwender noch einfacher und angenehmer als bis her bei Vermeidung unerwünschter Reflexionen durchführen zu können.The invention specified in claim 1 has the object reasons to achieve an improvement, in particular from the point of view, the optical scanning of the upper tooth surface for the user even easier and more pleasant than up to forth to avoid unwanted reflections can.
In der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Fluoreszenzschicht, die vorteilhafterweise in Form einer Lösung auf die Zahnoberfläche aufgetragen wird, wird Licht der von der Lichtquelle emittier ten Wellenlänge stark absorbiert und dann als längerwellig ver schobenes Fluoreszenzlicht isotrop, also in allen Raumrichtun gen wieder emittiert.In the fluorescent layer proposed according to the invention, the advantageously in the form of a solution on the tooth surface is applied, light is emitted from the light source th wavelength is strongly absorbed and then used as a longer wavelength pushed fluorescent light isotropic, i.e. in all spatial directions emitted again.
Als Fluoreszenzfarbstoff kann an sich jedes nicht toxisches Material Verwendung finden; vorteilhaft hat sich die Verwendung von Fluorescein gezeigt, welches blaues Licht stark absorbiert und gelb-grünes Licht fluoresziert.Any non-toxic substance can be used as a fluorescent dye Use material; The use has been advantageous shown by fluorescein, which strongly absorbs blue light and fluorescent yellow-green light.
Als Lichtquelle kann prinzipiell jede auf den vorgesehenen Fluoreszenzfarbstoff abgestimmte Lichtquelle mit einem geeigneten Emissionsspektrum und ausreichend hoher Strah lungsdichte verwendet werden. Wegen ihrer kleinen Baugröße kann mit Vorteil eine LED verwendet werden; eine solche kann sehr gut in ein als Handinstrument ausgebildete 3-D-Kamera eingebaut werden. Auch die Verwendung einer grün emittierenden Lichtquelle kann vorgesehen werden, wobei dann eine grün absorbierende und gelb oder rot emittierende Fluores zenzfarbe gewählt werden muß. Um den Anteil des diffus ge streuten Lichts in der Fluoreszenzschicht zu vergrößern und damit die Signalstärke am Bildsensor zu erhöhen, ist es von Vorteil, Licht mit relativ kurzer Wellenlänge zu verwenden. Mit besonderem Vorteil und passend zu dem vorerwähnten Fluorescein-Farbstoff wird deshalb eine Lichtquelle mit inten siverer Emission im kurzwelligeren, sichtbaren Bereich, also "blaues Licht" vorgeschlagen. Zur Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades wird gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Er findung vorgeschlagen, im Beobachtungsstrahlengang ein Filter einzuschalten, welches für Licht des von der Fluoreszenzfarbe emittierenden Lichts durchlässig ist, dagegen Licht anderer Wellenlänge absorbiert und/oder reflektiert.In principle, any of the provided light sources can be used Fluorescent dye-matched light source with a suitable emission spectrum and sufficiently high beam density can be used. Because of their small size an LED can be used with advantage; such a can very good in a 3-D camera designed as a hand instrument to be built in. Even the use of a green emitting Light source can be provided, then a green one absorbing and yellow or red emitting fluorescence must be chosen. To the proportion of diffuse ge scattered light in the fluorescent layer to enlarge and in order to increase the signal strength at the image sensor, it is from Advantage to use light with a relatively short wavelength. With a particular advantage and to match the aforementioned Fluorescein dye will therefore become a light source more emission in the shortwave, visible range, so "blue light" suggested. To increase efficiency according to a further advantageous embodiment of the Er proposed a filter in the observation beam path turn on, which is for light of the fluorescent color emitting light is permeable, but light of others Wavelength absorbed and / or reflected.
Welche spektrale Zusammensetzung das Licht letztlich aufweisen muß, bestimmt sich nach den verfügbaren Lichtquellen, Filtern sowie der verwendeten Fluoreszenzschicht, die, wie bereits er wähnt, einerseits nicht toxisch sein darf, andererseits aber gut löslich und applizierbar sein muß.Which spectral composition the light ultimately has must be determined by the available light sources, filters and the fluorescent layer used, which, like him thinks, on the one hand, must not be toxic, but on the other hand must be readily soluble and applicable.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und eine danach arbeitende Vor richtung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The method according to the invention and a working according to it Direction is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.
Die Figur zeigt in einer Längsschnittdarstellung eine 3 D-Kamera mit Zuordnung zu einem schematisiert dargestellten Zahn, dessen Oberflächenstrukturen dreidimensional erfaßt werden sollen. Nachdem der Aufbau der 3 D-Kamera prinzipiell bekannt und bei spielsweise in der US-PS 45 75 805 beschrieben ist, werden nachfolgend nur die zum Verständnis der vorliegenden Erfindung notwendigen Elemente beschrieben.The figure shows a 3D camera in a longitudinal section with assignment to a schematically represented tooth, the Surface structures are to be recorded three-dimensionally. After the structure of the 3D camera is known in principle and at for example, in US-PS 45 75 805 is described below only those for understanding the present invention necessary elements described.
Die wesentlichsten Komponenten des Projektions- und Abbildungs systems der allgemein mit 1 bezeichneten 3 D-Kamera sind eine Lichtquelle 2, ein Kondensorglied 3, eine Gittermaske 4, ein Strahlenteiler 5, der einen Projektionsstrahlengang 5a und einen Beobachtungsstrahlengang 5b bildet, ein aus mehreren Linsen bestehendes Objektiv 6, ein sich axial daran anschließen des, langgestrecktes Prisma 7, eine am Lichtaustrittsende be findliche Linse 8, ein im Beobachtungsstrahlengang angeordnetes Filter 9, ein Bildsensor 10 sowie eine sich daran anschließende Auswerteelektronik 11.The most important components of the projection and imaging system of the 3D camera, generally designated 1 , are a light source 2 , a condenser element 3 , a grating mask 4 , a beam splitter 5 , which forms a projection beam path 5 a and an observation beam path 5 b, one of several Lenses existing lens 6 , an axially connected to it, the elongated prism 7 , a lens 8 located at the light exit end, a filter 9 arranged in the observation beam path, an image sensor 10 and an adjoining evaluation electronics 11 .
Das von der Lichtquelle 2 ausgehende Strahlenbündel führt zunächst über den Projektionsstrahlengang 5a und die Optiken 6, 7 und 8 auf die mit 12 bezeichnete Oberfläche des zu vermes senden Zahnes 13. Die Oberfläche 12 des zu vermessenden Zah nes 13 ist mit einer mit 14 bezeichneten dünnen, gleichmäßig aufgetragenen Fluoreszenzschicht versehen, die in geeigneter Weise z. B. als Lösung mittels Pinsel oder mittels Sprühvor richtung aufgetragen wird. Das auf die Fluoreszenzschicht 14 auftreffende Licht wird in der Fluoreszenzschicht längerwellig verschoben, und anschließend isotrop, d. h. in allen Raumrich tungen emittierend, zurückgeworfen, von der Optik aufgenommen und über den Beobachtungsstrahlengang 5b zum Bildsensor 10 geleitet, wo es in ein zeilengerastetes Videosignal umgewandelt und schließlich in der Elektronik 11 entsprechend verarbeitet wird. Das verarbeitete Videosignal wird über ein nicht näher bezeichnetes Kabel einem extern der Kamera angeordneten Rechner und einer Bilddarstellungseinheit zugeführt. Als Lichtquelle kann vorteilhafterweise eine LED vorgesehen werden. Der Bild sensor kann ein CCD-Element sein, welches nicht nur für nahes Infrarot, sondern auch für sichtbares Licht ausreichend empfind lich ist.The beam of rays emanating from the light source 2 initially leads via the projection beam path 5 a and the optics 6 , 7 and 8 onto the surface of the tooth 13 to be measured, designated 12 . The surface 12 of the Zah Nes 13 to be measured is provided with a thin, evenly applied fluorescent layer designated 14 , which in a suitable manner, for. B. is applied as a solution using a brush or Sprühvor direction. The light impinging on the fluorescent layer 14 is shifted in the fluorescent layer at longer wavelengths, and then isotropically, ie emitting in all spatial directions, thrown back, picked up by the optics and passed via the observation beam path 5 b to the image sensor 10 , where it is converted into a line-locked video signal and is finally processed accordingly in the electronics 11 . The processed video signal is fed via a cable, not specified, to a computer arranged externally to the camera and to an image display unit. An LED can advantageously be provided as the light source. The image sensor can be a CCD element that is sufficiently sensitive not only for near infrared, but also for visible light.
Der Fluoreszenzfarbstoff der Fluoreszenzfarbschicht 14 ist auf die Lichtquelle 2 abgestimmt, d. h. wenn als Lichtquelle eine grün emittierende Lichtquelle verwendet wird, dann ist eine Fluoreszenzfarbe zu verwenden, die grün absorbiert und dann typischerweise gelb oder rot emittiert. Ein besonders guter Wirkungsgrad hinsichtlich der Signalauswertung läßt sich erzielen, wenn eine Lichtquelle verwendet wird, die im Bereich 450 bis 500 nm, also "blaues Licht", emittiert. Dem entsprechend ist eine Fluoreszenzfarbe vorzusehen, die blau absorbiert und typischerweise dann grün emittiert.The fluorescent dye of the fluorescent color layer 14 is matched to the light source 2 , ie if a green-emitting light source is used as the light source, then a fluorescent color is to be used which absorbs green and then typically emits yellow or red. A particularly good efficiency with regard to the signal evaluation can be achieved if a light source is used which emits in the range 450 to 500 nm, that is to say "blue light". Accordingly, a fluorescent color is to be provided which absorbs blue and then typically emits green.
Um nicht verwertbares Streulicht zu eliminieren, ist das Filter 9 vorgesehen, welches Licht der von der Lichtquelle emittierten Wellenlänge absorbiert oder reflektiert, dagegen für Licht der übrigen Wellenlängen, insbesondere der vom Fluoreszenzfarbstoff emittierten Wellenlänge, durchlässig ist.In order to eliminate stray light that cannot be used, the filter 9 is provided, which absorbs or reflects light of the wavelength emitted by the light source, but is permeable to light of the other wavelengths, in particular the wavelength emitted by the fluorescent dye.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE4034007A DE4034007C2 (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | Method and device for the optical detection of surface structures on teeth |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE4034007A DE4034007C2 (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | Method and device for the optical detection of surface structures on teeth |
Publications (2)
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DE4034007A1 true DE4034007A1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
DE4034007C2 DE4034007C2 (en) | 2001-05-10 |
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DE4034007A Expired - Lifetime DE4034007C2 (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | Method and device for the optical detection of surface structures on teeth |
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Cited By (28)
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FR2690836A1 (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-12 | Krieg G | Method and device for manufacturing a solid body adjusted in particular in the form of an artificial tooth. |
DE4218219A1 (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1993-12-09 | Aaron Industrieautomation Und | Device for the contactless measurement of a three-dimensional object |
FR2695024A1 (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 1994-03-04 | Kaltenbach & Voigt | Measurement of teeth without calibration body. |
EP0599578A2 (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Egawa | A measuring device and measuring method of implant structure |
DE4325542A1 (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Method for three-dimensional measurement of inaccessible cavities |
DE19506642C1 (en) * | 1995-02-25 | 1996-03-21 | Focus Mestechnik Gmbh & Co Kg | Optical workpiece surface contour measuring system |
EP0756852A1 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1997-02-05 | Dentsply International | A method of making a tooth mold |
WO1997014932A1 (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-04-24 | Optronic Consult Ab | Process and device for the measuring of a three-dimensional shape |
US5691905A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1997-11-25 | Dentsply Research & Development Corp. | Prosthetic teeth and mold making and polishing therefor |
US5718585A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1998-02-17 | Dentsply Research & Development Corp. | Prosthetic teeth and mold making therefor |
WO1998048242A1 (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-10-29 | Optronic Consult Ab | Method and device for measuring three-dimensional shapes |
US5857853A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1999-01-12 | Nobel Biocare Ab | Method of manufacturing a prosthesis to be fixed to implants in the jawbone of a patient, and a system for manufacturing such prostheses |
DE19737919A1 (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-03-11 | Joachim Buerger | Measuring device for measuring the tread depth of a motor vehicle tire |
WO2002066924A1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-29 | Charalambos Tassakos | Method and device for optically capturing an object |
US6592371B2 (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2003-07-15 | Duane Durbin | Method and system for imaging and modeling a three dimensional structure |
DE10126887B4 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-08-12 | Ivoclar Vivadent Ag | Color defining device |
US6885464B1 (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2005-04-26 | Sirona Dental Systems Gmbh | 3-D camera for recording surface structures, in particular for dental purposes |
WO2005121699A1 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-22 | Isra Vision Systems Ag | Sensor for measuring the surface of an object |
US7006126B2 (en) | 2001-06-01 | 2006-02-28 | Ivoclar Vivadent Ag | Color analyzing apparatus with polarized light source |
DE102009015204A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-10-07 | Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Kg | Optical sensor i.e. distance sensor, for use in area of automatic control engineering to measure three-dimensional distance of object, has evaluation unit provided for evaluating output signals of surface camera |
EP2455709A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-23 | Rolls-Royce plc | Surface coating for inspection |
WO2015144875A1 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Sirona Dental Systems Gmbh | Scanning device |
US9204952B2 (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2015-12-08 | Smart Optics Sensortechnik Gmbh | Method for optical 3D measurement of teeth with reduced point spread function |
WO2016084066A1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-02 | A. B. Imaging Solutions Ltd | Intraoral 3d scanner |
CN107072762A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2017-08-18 | 北京大学口腔医学院 | A kind of oral cavity detection, data processing equipment and method and oral cavity detection system |
EP3649919A1 (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2020-05-13 | Ivoclar Vivadent AG | Dental imaging system |
US10728519B2 (en) | 2004-06-17 | 2020-07-28 | Align Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for colour imaging a three-dimensional structure |
US10952827B2 (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2021-03-23 | Align Technology, Inc. | Calibration of an intraoral scanner |
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Cited By (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5691905A (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1997-11-25 | Dentsply Research & Development Corp. | Prosthetic teeth and mold making and polishing therefor |
FR2690836A1 (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-12 | Krieg G | Method and device for manufacturing a solid body adjusted in particular in the form of an artificial tooth. |
DE4218219A1 (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1993-12-09 | Aaron Industrieautomation Und | Device for the contactless measurement of a three-dimensional object |
DE4218219C2 (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1998-05-07 | Geyer Medizin Und Fertigungste | Device for the contactless measurement of a difficult to access, three-dimensional medical or dental object |
FR2695024A1 (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 1994-03-04 | Kaltenbach & Voigt | Measurement of teeth without calibration body. |
EP0599578A2 (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Egawa | A measuring device and measuring method of implant structure |
EP0599578A3 (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1995-02-01 | Egawa Kk | A measuring device and measuring method of implant structure. |
US5857853A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1999-01-12 | Nobel Biocare Ab | Method of manufacturing a prosthesis to be fixed to implants in the jawbone of a patient, and a system for manufacturing such prostheses |
US6287119B1 (en) | 1993-07-26 | 2001-09-11 | Nobel Biocare Ab | Method of manufacturing a prosthesis to be fixed to implants in the jawbone of a patient, and a system for manufacturing such prostheses |
DE4325542A1 (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Method for three-dimensional measurement of inaccessible cavities |
DE19506642C1 (en) * | 1995-02-25 | 1996-03-21 | Focus Mestechnik Gmbh & Co Kg | Optical workpiece surface contour measuring system |
EP0756852A1 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1997-02-05 | Dentsply International | A method of making a tooth mold |
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