CN103119040A - Process for making linezolid - Google Patents

Process for making linezolid Download PDF

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CN103119040A
CN103119040A CN2011800459835A CN201180045983A CN103119040A CN 103119040 A CN103119040 A CN 103119040A CN 2011800459835 A CN2011800459835 A CN 2011800459835A CN 201180045983 A CN201180045983 A CN 201180045983A CN 103119040 A CN103119040 A CN 103119040A
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compound
acid
formula
reaction
salt
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P·巴托斯
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Synthon BV
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/10Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for making the compound 3-(3-fluoro-4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-oxooxazolidin-5(S)-ylmethyl)amine of formula (II) and/or an acid addition salt thereof comprising b) reacting the compound of formula (VII) wherein L is a leaving group, with a metal salt of diformylamide of formula (VIII) wherein Me+ is a sodium or potassium cation, b) subjecting the reaction product of the step (a) comprising, alone or in admixture, compounds of formula (IXa) and/or (IXb), to a reaction with an acid, and to the making of linezolid by acetylation of the compound of formula (II).

Description

The method for preparing Linezolid
Background of invention
The present invention relates to a kind of improved method for the preparation of the compound Linezolid.
Linezolid is a kind of can as the pharmaceutical active compounds of antiseptic-germicide, for example, being used for the treatment of the dieletic foodstuff that is caused by gram positive bacterium and infecting.Linezolid is represented by following formula (I).
Figure BDA00002957277600011
Commercially available pharmaceutical composition be for venoclysis sterile isotonic solution, be used for oral tablet and be used for oral aqueous suspensions.They by Pfizer company with trade(brand)name ZYVOX list marketing.
The molecule of Linezolid has an asymmetric carbon in molecule, make to form two kinds of enantiomorphs; Commercially available compound is (S)-enantiomorph.In above-mentioned commercially available composition, Linezolid exists with free alkali form.
Hereinafter, the title Linezolid will be as N-(3-(3-fluoro-4-(morpholine-4-yl) phenyl)-2-oxo
Figure BDA00002957277600012
Azoles alkane-5 (S)-ylmethyl) common name of ethanamide uses, unless opposite explanation is arranged.
Linezolid is originally presented in the WO95/07271 (EP0717738, US5,688,792) of Upjohn company.
Known multiple method for the preparation of Linezolid in this area.Particularly, important method is that wherein final step comprises with acetyl halide or diacetyl oxide the amine precursor of formula (II) is carried out acetylizad method (referring to for example, WO2005099353).
Figure BDA00002957277600021
This amine precursor (II) can be made by plurality of raw materials, for example:
A) by the trinitride (WO2006/091731, WO95/07271, US5837870, WO2009/063505, US7291614) with suitable reductive agent reduction-type (III)
Figure BDA00002957277600022
Initial compounds (III) can make (WO2005/099353) by corresponding tosylate or the muriate of following general formula (VII).
B) by for example using the phthalimide compound of methylamine (WO95/07271) or hydrazine (US5837870) breakdown (IV)
Figure BDA00002957277600023
Initial compounds (IV) can make (WO2005/099353) from identical tosylate or muriate as described in aforementioned a) item, or by cyclisation
Figure BDA00002957277600026
Oxazolidine ring makes (WO99/24393, WO2006/008754)
C) by processing (WO95/07271) with the ammonium hydroxide in Virahol or THF or depress with ammonia treatment (WO97/37980) adding, make from the sulphonate of formula (V)
Figure BDA00002957277600024
D) by the following imines (VI) of reduction:
Figure BDA00002957277600025
Wherein R2 is chloro-phenyl-, bromophenyl or 2,4 dichloro benzene base section (WO2007/116284).
Except imines (VI), every kind of method in aforementioned synthetic method all is based on the step of the raw material that transforms general formula (VII)
Figure BDA00002957277600031
Wherein L is the leavings group that is fit to, for example halogen or alkylsulfonyloxy or aryl-sulfonyl oxygen group,
Described conversion is by carrying out with nitrogen nucleophile (trinitride salt, phthalic imidine salt, ammonia or ammonium hydroxide) reaction, if necessary, carry out subsequently formed reaction intermediate (for example, compound (III) or compound (IV)) is converted into the step of amino/compound (II).Be apparent that, prepare the critical aspects of arbitrary route acquisition business success in the said synthesis route that initial amine compound (II) is the acquisition Linezolid with good yield and purity.Yet, known method has multiple shortcoming, the for example serious toxicity of trinitride salt and explosion hazard, use long reaction times and hazardous agents (hydrazine, methylamine) in the phthalic imidine intermediate, low yield in the ammonium hydroxide method and many by products, or with ammonia react in harsh reaction conditions.
Therefore, although still there is improved demand in the synthetic method of known many preparation compounds (II) and Linezolid in the prior art.Alternative method with a kind of amine intermediate for the preparation of Linezolid is desirable, and the method is simple, carry out under the reaction conditions of gentleness and do not show above-mentioned shortcoming.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to prepare the discovery of improving one's methods of Linezolid, described method is simple aspect processing condition, and the amount of the byproduct of reaction that provides is few.
One main aspect, the invention provides the compound 3-(3-fluoro-4-(morpholine-4-yl) phenyl) of a kind of preparation formula (II)-2-oxo
Figure BDA00002957277600033
Azoles alkane-5 (S)-ylmethyl) method of amine and/or its acid salt,
The method comprises
A) make the compound of formula (VII)
Figure BDA00002957277600041
Wherein L is leavings group, with the reacting metal salt of the diformyl acid amides of formula (VIII)
Me wherein +Sodium or potassium cationic,
B) make the reaction product of step (a), it comprises the mixture of formula (IXa) and compound (IXb),
Figure BDA00002957277600043
The reaction of experience and acid is preferably with the reaction of hydrochloric acid.Described leavings group is halo group or alkylsulfonyloxy or aryl-sulfonyl oxygen group preferably.By acetylize, compound (II) is converted into Linezolid, preferably with the form of acid salt, more preferably in water.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide the method for the preparation of Linezolid, the method is included in the water soluble acid additive salt that makes formula (II) compound in water-bearing media under the existence of alkali
Figure BDA00002957277600044
With acetyl halide or acetic anhydride.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Prepare according to of the present invention the compound that the raw material that uses in the method for Linezolid is general formula (VII)
Wherein L is leavings group, typically is the halo group, or alkylsulfonyloxy or aryl-sulfonyl oxygen group." halo " group comprises chloro or bromo group, preferred chloro group." alkyl " comprises C 1-C 4Alkyl, and be preferably methyl." aryl " comprises phenyl, and it can be randomly by at least one C 1-C 4Alkyl, nitro, hydroxyl, C 1-C 4Alkoxyl group replaces, and preferably p-methylphenyl or p-nitrophenyl.
Described compound is as known in the art, perhaps can prepare according to procedures known in the art, and for example the hydroxy-methyl compound from corresponding formula (X) prepares.
Figure BDA00002957277600052
It is the metal-salt of the diformyl acid amides of formula (VIII) that agent is accompanied in second reaction.
" Me +" sodium or potassium, preferably sodium typically.Compound (VIII) is as known in the art, and usually can obtain by corresponding metal methoxide salt and formamide, referring to US5488188 and US5599986.It can be used as the solid separation and obtains, and stores under envrionment conditions.
Reaction between compound (VII) and compound (VIII) typically can be carried out in inert solvent, described inert solvent is the aprotic solvent of polarity preferably, N for example, dinethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetonitrile, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide or acetone and their mixture.Typically, the mol ratio between compound (VII) and compound (VIII) is 1:1 to 1:3, and preferred approximately 1:1.1 is 1:1.7 extremely approximately.Temperature of reaction typically is 50~100 ℃, is preferably 60~90 ℃.Under these conditions, the reaction times is approximately 0.5~2 hour.Reaction process can be passed through the general analysis technology, for example monitors by TLC or HPLC.
After reaction is completed, advantageously be to remove the volatility resistates by for example evaporation, and remaining metal-salt is also removed, for example extract by water.
Reaction product comprises the mixture of formula (IXa) and compound (IXb).
Figure BDA00002957277600061
The mutual ratio of these two kinds of compounds depends on that compound (VIII) is with respect to the relative quantity of compound (VII).In the situation of boundary line, reaction mixture includes only compound (IXa) and/or includes only compound (IXb).Because compound in next step (IXa) and compound (IXb) both can be converted into the amine of formula (II) comparably, objectively do not need they to be separated or improve their mutual ratios in mixture.Yet, do not get rid of by the two kind compound separation of suitable isolation technique with described reaction mixture, for example be used for the purpose of analyzing.Compound (IXa) and (IXb) can also obtain with the form of acid salt is such as hydrochloride, hydrobromate, vitriol, nitrate, phosphoric acid salt, formate, acetate, propionic salt, oxalate, malonate, maleate, fumaric acid hydrochlorate, Citrate trianion, malate etc.
Acid hydrolysis by gentleness is converted into formula (II) with the arbitrary compound in compound (IXa) and compound (IXb) and/or its mixture in next step compound.Typically, the acid that can be used for this purpose is strong mineral acid or organic acid, for example hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or Hydrogen bromide.Generally speaking, use the acid of mole scale.Hydrolysis can be carried out in solvent, and described solvent can be water, lower alcohol (C 1-C 4Fatty alcohol) or mixture both.Typical temperature of reaction is 0~80 ℃.Reaction process can by the analytical technology that is fit to, for example be monitored by HPLC or TLC.
Advantageously, can in a Pot devices, hydrolysing step and previous step be merged.
Because the by product that forms in remaining reagent and solvent and reaction process is volatile compound, the easiest method of removing them is evaporation, preferred vapourisation under reduced pressure.
The product of reaction comprises the amine compound of rough formula (II).It forms after hydrolysis, is corresponding acid salt (for example, hydrochloride or dihydrochloride), if necessary, can randomly by the alkaline purification with equivalent, its neutralization for unhindered amina, randomly be extracted subsequently.If necessary, crude compound (II) and/or its acid salt (for example hydrochloride or acetate) can be by known method purifying, and/or separate with any solid-state form, as disclosed in US2006/0258655.The hydrochloride of compound (II) or acetate are preferred salt.
Can by under condition well known in the art with acetyl halide or acetic anhydride, rough or purified amine (II) are converted into Linezolid.In a favourable method, described acetylize can be carried out under Schotten-Baumann reaction conditions or its change condition.Title " Schotten-Baumann reaction conditions " is illustrated under the existence of alkali and uses acetylation reagent.Typically, described acetylize is carried out in the two-phase solvent system that forms by water with the immiscible organic solvent of water.Alkali is present in aqueous phase, the acid neutralization that will generate during it will react, and raw material and product are retained in organic phase.With the limiting examples of the immiscible organic solvent of water be toluene, methylene dichloride and/or ether.
In the suitable change condition of Schotten-Baumann reaction conditions, with compound (II) in the situation that through or without separating the water soluble acid additive salt be converted into mineral acid or acetic acid, for example be converted into hydrochloride, hydrobromate, vitriol, nitrate, phosphoric acid salt and/or acetate.Described salt is dissolved in water-bearing media.This water-bearing media is single-phase, comprise water and may comprise solvent such as the alcohols that can dissolve each other with water, ester class etc., as long as polarity does not have to cause the change of following result: described water soluble acid additive salt is insoluble in described water-bearing media basically, and formed Linezolid also is insoluble in described water-bearing media basically.Preferably described water-bearing media (being preferably water) is cooled to as far as possible near 0 ℃; add acetylation reagent (being preferably diacetyl oxide); and start described acetylation by continuous adding alkali (preferred mineral alkali, for example sodium carbonate or sodium acetate).The Linezolid of expectation is precipitated out from moisture reaction mixture, because Linezolid is insoluble in described moisture reaction mixture.Under this change condition, avoided organic solvent fully.
The Linezolid that produces can be separated [I type (J.Med.Chem.39 (3) with any solid-state form as known in the art, 673 (1996)), II type (WO01/057035, US6,559,305), III type (WO2005/035530) and many other forms (WO2006/004922, US2006/0142283), amorphous form (WO2007/026369) and hydrated form (US2006/111350, EP20033960)], and/or can be converted into suitable acid salt.
The Linezolid for preparing by the inventive method can be formulated as pharmaceutical composition or is used for pharmaceutical composition.The pharmaceutical composition that is fit to can comprise Linezolid and at least a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.Described composition can be used as antiseptic-germicide in the bacterial various diseases for the treatment of by some type, described treatment is to be undertaken by the described composition that the patient to this treatment of needs uses significant quantity.Especially, they can be used for treating the dieletic foodstuff infection that is caused by gram positive bacterium.Typically, described significant quantity is 1mg~500mg every day, shows with the scale of Linezolid alkali.
Further describe the present invention with reference to following non-limiting example.
Embodiment 13-(3-fluoro-4-(morpholine-4-yl) phenyl)-2-oxo
Figure BDA00002957277600081
Azoles alkane-5 (S)-ylmethyl) amine (II) hydrochloride
Add the compound (VII) [L=tolysulfonyl oxygen base] of 225mg (0.5mmol) in the 5ml reaction flask that is equipped with magnetic stirring bar, add subsequently the diformyl sodium amide of 96mg (1mmol) and the dimethyl formamide of 2.5ml.Container is immersed oil bath, and this oil bath is preheating to 85 ℃, and stirs the mixture under the outside temperature of 85 ℃ 1 hour.At temperature (30mbar, 60 ℃) the evaporation volatile matter that reduces, resistates is mixed with the ethyl acetate of 10ml and use the 10ml water extraction.With the organic matter layer evaporate to dryness (45 ℃ 25mbar), obtain white solid.
With this solid and 10ml methanol mixed, and the concentrated hydrochloric acid (5.00mmol) of interpolation 0.438ml.Reaction mixture is warmed up to 65 ℃ and stirred 2 hours at this temperature in oil bath.With the mixture reduction vaporization, then with the toluene coevaporation (60 ℃ 25mbar), obtain the white glass shape solid of 220mg.
Embodiment 23-(3-fluoro-4-(morpholine-4-yl) phenyl)-2-oxo
Figure BDA00002957277600082
Azoles alkane-5 (S)-ylmethyl) amine (II)
To be equipped with blade mechanical stirrer and combination has the 250ml three neck round-bottomed flasks of the Ar import of temperature sensor to be placed under argon gas atmosphere, and adds diformyl sodium amide (5.6g) and compound (VII) [L=tolysulfonyl oxygen base] (20.8g).Add DMF (52ml) and reaction mixture is joined 85 ℃ and kept 2 hours.Carefully hydrochloric acid (98ml) is joined in reaction mixture, make internal temperature be no more than 96 ℃.With heterogeneous reaction mixture be heated to 85 ℃ and make the reaction proceed 2.5 hours.Reaction mixture is transferred in the 500ml round-bottomed flask and cooling in ice-water bath.Add methylene dichloride (150ml) in flask.With the mixture vigorous stirring and add water (100ml) solution of NaOH (54.0g), make internal temperature be no more than 20 ℃.Mixture is filtered.Transfer in the 500ml separating funnel filtrate and the separation of organic substances layer.Filter cake is discarded.Water layer dichloromethane extraction (2x50ml).The organic matter layer Na that merges 2SO 4(25g) drying, filter and concentrate (60 ℃, 50mbar), obtain product, be filemot crystalline solid (18.87g).
Embodiment 3
Add " amine " (0.49g) in the 25ml round-bottomed flask that is equipped with magnetic stirring bar, add subsequently entry (8.30ml).Stir heterogeneous mixture and add hydrochloric acid (0.12mL, 35%).Obtain the solution of homogeneous.Solution is cooled to 0 ℃ in ice-water bath.Add diacetyl oxide (0.31mL), add subsequently sodium bicarbonate (0.45g).There is immediately carbonic acid gas to emit, and observes the formation of white depositions.Throw out is leached and filter cake water (10ml) is washed.Collect filter cake and spend the night in 70 ℃ of dryings (100mbar).Separate and obtain pale solid Linezolid (0.26g).

Claims (13)

1. the compound 3-of preparation formula (II) (3-fluoro-4-(morpholine-4-yl) phenyl)-2-oxo Azoles alkane-5 (S)-ylmethyl) method of amine and/or its acid salt,
Figure FDA00002957277500011
The method comprises
A) make the compound of formula (VII)
Figure FDA00002957277500012
Wherein L is leavings group,
Reacting metal salt with the diformyl acid amides of formula (VIII)
Figure FDA00002957277500013
Me wherein +Sodium or potassium cationic,
B) make the reaction product of step (a), it comprises formula (IXa) and/or the compound (IXb) of independent or form of mixtures,
Figure FDA00002957277500014
The reaction of experience and acid.
2. according to claim 1 method, wherein said leavings group L is halo group or (C 1-C 4)-alkylsulfonyloxy or aryl-sulfonyl oxygen, aryl wherein comprises phenyl, it can be randomly by at least one C 1-C 4Alkyl, nitro, hydroxyl or C 1-C 4Alkoxyl group replaces.
3. according to claim 2 method, wherein said leavings group L is chloro group, bromo group, sulfonyloxy methyl oxygen base, phenyl sulfonyloxy, p-methylphenyl sulfonyloxy or p-nitrophenyl sulfonyloxy.
4. according to claim 1~3 method, wherein said acid is strong mineral acid or organic acid, is preferably hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or Hydrogen bromide, and hydrochloric acid more preferably.
5. according to claim 1~4 method, wherein the reaction between compound (VII) and compound (VIII) is carried out in inert solvent, described inert solvent is the aprotic solvent of polarity preferably, more preferably be selected from N, dinethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetonitrile, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide or acetone and their mixture.
6. according to claim 1~5 method, wherein the mol ratio between compound (VII) and compound (VIII) is 1:1 to 1:3, preferred approximately 1:1.1 is to about 1:1.7.
7. according to claim 1~6 method, wherein the temperature of the reaction between compound (VII) and compound (VIII) is 50~100 ℃, preferred 60~90 ℃.
8. according to claim 1~7 method, wherein separating compound (II) from reaction mixture.
9. according to claim 1~8 method, it also comprises by the compound that makes formula (II) and/or its acid salt and acetyl halide or diacetyl oxide and preferably is translated into the step of Linezolid in reaction under the existence of alkali and/or in comprising the solvent systems of water and/or organic solvent.
10. according to claim 9 method, the compound of its Chinese style (II) are the form of the water soluble acid additive salt of itself and mineral acid or acetic acid, and described solvent systems is water.
11. prepare the method for Linezolid, it is included in water-bearing media, under the existence of alkali, makes the water soluble acid additive salt of formula (II) compound
Figure FDA00002957277500031
With acetyl halide or acetic anhydride.
12. method according to claim 11, the water soluble acid additive salt of wherein said formula (II) compound are the form of the acid salt of itself and mineral acid or acetic acid.
13. the compound of formula (IXa) and/or compound (IXb)
And/or its acid salt is for the preparation of the purposes of Linezolid or its acid salt.
CN2011800459835A 2010-08-11 2011-07-14 Process for making linezolid Pending CN103119040A (en)

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EP2917189B1 (en) 2012-11-09 2016-08-17 Synthon BV Process for making linezolid
WO2015068121A1 (en) 2013-11-06 2015-05-14 Unimark Remedies Ltd. Process for preparation of crystalline form i of linezolid and its compositions
CN104262280B (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-07-20 山东华生化学股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of linezolid

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Application publication date: 20130522