CN100391250C - Asymptotic joint image expert group decoding device and method - Google Patents
Asymptotic joint image expert group decoding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100391250C CN100391250C CNB021304459A CN02130445A CN100391250C CN 100391250 C CN100391250 C CN 100391250C CN B021304459 A CNB021304459 A CN B021304459A CN 02130445 A CN02130445 A CN 02130445A CN 100391250 C CN100391250 C CN 100391250C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a JPEG decoding device and a method, and is used for receiving a JPEG bit stream and outputs image data based on the JPEG bit stream. The decoding method comprises: data of a scanning layer of the JPEG image data is received; then, the scanning layer is divided into a plurality of regions; subsequently, one of the regions is defined as a local decoding region; then, the data of the scanning layer is decoded, a plurality of decoding coefficients are generated based on data of the local decoding region of the scanning layer, the non-zero history and starting addresses of the decoding coefficients are generated based on data of the regions except for the local decoding region, and the decoding coefficients and the non-zero historical and starting addresses are stored in an internal storage; finally, the decoding coefficients are output.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of JPEG (JPEG (joint photographic experts group)) decoding device and method, and particularly relevant for a kind of progressive JPEG decoding device and method.
Background technology
The standard of JPEG (joint photographic experts group) (Joint Photographic Expert Group is designated hereinafter simply as JPEG) is the GTG or the chromatic image of compressed digital efficiently, is therefore widely used.The specification of JPEG comprises four kinds of different operator schemes, each operator scheme is used different encoding and decoding modes: formula discrete cosine transform (Discrete Cosine Transform is designated hereinafter simply as DCT) is (the Sequential DCT based) on basis, gradual DCT (Progressive DCT based), the free of losses (Lossless) and hierarchy type (Hierarchy) for the basis in proper order.Wherein, DCT conversion promptly is that the conversion of signals with time domain (time domain) is the signal of frequency domain (frequency domain).
For for the coded program of the pattern on basis, a sample block is made up of 8 * 8 pixels for formula DCT in proper order, and when image was encoded, sample block B was promptly in regular turn by the left-to-right of image, feed-in one by one from top to bottom.When a sample block B executes DCT (forward DCT) conversion forward, convert to after 64 digital DCT coefficients, feed-in quantifying unit again (quantizer), with its quantification, again after variable-length compressed encoding unit (variable length encoder) carries out the variable-length compressed encoding, promptly become the JPEG bit stream of compression at last.The variable-length compressed encoding for example is huffman coding (Huffman encode).
For gradual DCT for for the coded program of the pattern on basis, the order of sample block input coding device is that the pattern on basis is identical with formula DCT in proper order also, but whole image is encoded in the mode of repeatedly scanning, makes the JPEG bit stream that compressed comprise a plurality of scanning slices.Reach repeatedly method for scanning between quantifying unit and variable-length compressed encoding unit, add one with the equal-sized memory buffer of image, each the sample block in the single pass is via the conversion of DCT forward with the promptly temporary earlier memory buffer so far of the digital DCT quantization parameter after quantizing.By the time all sample blocks have all been finished after conversion and the quantification, then with the quantization DCT coefficient in the memory buffer, be divided into repeatedly scanning, each scanning is carried out the partly coding of quantization parameter by the variable-length compressed encoding unit, so is the data of a scanning slice.Progressive JPEG is that the advantage on basis is under the situation of network bandwidth deficiency, decoding the scanning slice in the JPEG bit stream of receiving earlier also, video picture is a rough image, receive that scanning slice the more then can make image meticulousr, and the data that need not wait until all JPEG bit streams all here just begin to decode, can reduce the time that the user waits for.
Repeatedly Sao Miao order has following two kinds of methods: frequency spectrum is selected (spectral selection) method and continuous approximation (successive approximation) method.The frequency spectrum system of selection is in each data that transmit the partial-band in each sample block, because general image is in the majority with low frequency, therefore can send the image data of low frequency part to send the image data of HFS more earlier.Continuous approximation then is the part position of at every turn transmitting each digital DCT coefficient, send earlier the position that has the greatest impact (most significant bit, MSB), send at last the minimum position of influence (least significant bit, LSB).
Please refer to Fig. 1, it illustrates the schematic diagram into the frequency spectrum option program.In the drawings to go up one most be whole sample area block numbers of image, row's blockage from left to right represent a quantization DCT coefficient, each blockage is represented a position, leftmost is MSB; 64 quantization DCT coefficients in each front are the coefficient of a sample block.In the example of this figure, when scanning for the first time, transmit the 0th quantization DCT coefficient of each sample block, be scanning slice (0); When scanning for the second time, transmit the 1st and the 2nd quantization DCT coefficient of each sample block, be scanning slice (1); When scanning for the third time, transmit the 3rd, 4 and 5 numerical digit DCT coefficient of each sample block, be scanning slice (2); According to this image transmission is finished.Because therefore the pairing frequency difference of each quantization DCT coefficient in the sample block is sent the different quantization DCT coefficient in the sample block when each scanning, promptly can reach the purpose that frequency spectrum is selected.
Please refer to Fig. 2, it illustrates the schematic diagram into the continuous approximation program.When scanning for the first time, the 0th quantization DCT coefficient in each sample block sent, be scanning slice (0); When scanning for the second time, the 4th, 5,6 and 7 position of remaining each quantization DCT coefficient in each sample block sent, be scanning slice (1); When scanning for the third time, the 3rd position of remaining each the digital DCT coefficient in each sample block sent, be scanning slice (2); When different scanning, send different positions according to this, therefore can reach the purpose of continuous approximation.Above-mentioned frequency spectrum system of selection is with the continuous approximation method and can mix use, to present different progressive effects.
The above is the coded system of JPEG, again its decoding process will be discussed.In traditional progressive JPEG decoding device, one and the equal-sized memory buffer of image need be arranged, to store variable-length compression coding coefficient afterwards.When collect and the intact JPEG bit stream of variable-length compression coding in all coefficients of a scanning slice after, decoding device promptly carry out re-quantization and inverse DCT (inverse DCT, IDCT), to rebuild the asymptotic expression image.Yet, image size may be suitable big, for example JPEG T.81 in the specifications image of regulation maximum be 65535 * 65535 pixels, and make traditional progressive JPEG decoding device can't provide this can't carry out image-decoding up to the GB order of magnitude (Giga bytes) memory buffer.Especially now Internet appliance product (Information Application, IA) application is very extensive, its internal memory that can provide is again little much compared with personal computer now, therefore, how to develop a kind of progressive JPEG decoding device and method to break through the restriction of system's memory buffer size, become inevitable trend.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, purpose of the present invention be exactly provide a kind of can be under the limited situation of memory source still decodable progressive JPEG decoding device and method.
According to purpose of the present invention, a kind of progressive JPEG coding/decoding method is proposed, be used for a progressive JPEG decoding device, a JPEG bit stream is decoded and become an image data, this decoding device comprises an internal memory, this method comprises:
Receive the data of the one scan layer of this JPEG bit stream;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Select one of these zones, it is defined as a local decoding zone;
The data of this scanning slice are decoded, produce a plurality of desorption coefficients and produce the non-zero history of a plurality of desorption coefficients according to this part decoding area relative data of this scanning slice, and it is stored to this internal memory according to these area relative data beyond this decoding zone, part of this scanning slice; And
Export these desorption coefficients, these desorption coefficients are this image data of part.
According to purpose of the present invention, a kind of progressive JPEG coding/decoding method is proposed, be used for a progressive JPEG decoding device, this decoding device comprises an internal memory, in order to receive a JPEG bit stream and to export an image data according to this, can show an image according to this image data, this method comprises:
Receive the one scan layer of this JPEG bit stream;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Carry out one first decoding program, comprising:
First of these zones is defined as a local decoding zone; And
These scanning slice data are decoded, and store this decoding zone, part that the decoding back produces a plurality of desorption coefficients, these zones beyond this decoding zone, part a plurality of desorption coefficients non-zero history, and this decoding zone, part beyond these regional initial addresses to this internal memory; And
Carry out one second decoding program, comprising:
Read relevant data and decode from this JPEG bit stream according to these the regional initial addresses beyond the decoding zone, this part respectively, and store a plurality of desorption coefficients that the decoding back produces; And
Export these desorption coefficients, to form this image data.
According to purpose of the present invention, a kind of JPEG decoding device is proposed, in order to receive a JPEG bit stream and to export an image data according to this, this decoding device comprises:
One internal memory;
One memory management unit couples with this internal memory, in order to control the access action of this internal memory; And
One processing unit couples with this internal memory and this memory management unit, in order to receiving this JPEG bit stream, and after carrying out a JPEG coding/decoding method, exports this image data;
Wherein, this JPEG coding/decoding method comprises:
Receive the data of the one scan layer of this JPEG image data;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Select one of these zones to be defined as a local decoding zone;
These scanning slice data are decoded, these part regional data of decoding according to this scanning slice produce a plurality of desorption coefficients, reach the non-zero history that produces a plurality of desorption coefficients according to these the regional data beyond this decoding zone, part of this scanning slice, and it is stored to this internal memory; And
Export these desorption coefficients, these desorption coefficients are this image data of part.
According to purpose of the present invention, a kind of JPEG decoding device is proposed, in order to receive a JPEG bit stream and to export an image data according to this, this decoding device comprises:
One internal memory;
One memory management unit couples with this internal memory, in order to control the access action of this internal memory; And
One processing unit couples with this internal memory and this memory management unit, in order to receiving this JPEG bit stream, and after carrying out a JPEG coding/decoding method, exports this image data;
Wherein, this JPEG coding/decoding method comprises:
Receive the one scan layer of this JPEG bit stream;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Carry out one first decoding program, comprising:
First of these zones is defined as a local decoding zone; And
These scanning slice data are decoded, and store this decoding zone, part that the decoding back produces a plurality of desorption coefficients, these zones beyond this decoding zone, part a plurality of desorption coefficients non-zero history, and this decoding zone, part beyond these regional initial addresses to this internal memory; Carry out one second decoding program, comprising:
Read relevant data and decode from this JPEG bit stream according to these the regional initial addresses beyond the decoding zone, this part respectively, and store a plurality of desorption coefficients that the decoding back produces; And
Export these desorption coefficients, to form this image data.
Therefore, spirit of the present invention is exactly with the script approximate JPEG image, cut into zones of different, one of them zone of at every turn only decoding, after the zone of having decoded, another zone of decoding again, and the required core buffer size of decoding each time, all be controlled to be the size that Installed System Memory can provide, therefore, the present invention does not need configuration and the equal-sized memory buffer of image just can decode, but according to the size of existing system internal memory suitably adjust the decoding number of times, certainly, when the size of the internal memory of system was enough to whole image-decoding is provided, the present invention also can once decode whole image.
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, a preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and conjunction with figs. are described in detail below.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram into the frequency spectrum option program.
Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram into the continuous approximation program.
Fig. 3 illustrates and is the regional layout according to the scanning slice of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is according to a kind of progressive JPEG decoding device calcspar of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 illustrates and is progressive JPEG coding/decoding method flow chart.
Embodiment
The present invention respectively is divided into a plurality of zones with all scanning slices of script approximate JPEG image, the zone is with minimal solution code element row (Minimum Coded Unit row, MCU row) be unit, each decoding just selects one of these a little zones to be defined as local decoding zone.Then, all scanning slice data are decoded, wait after the zone of having decoded, define again another as yet zone of decoding decode for local decoding zone next time, up to all zones all decode finish till.Therefore, after decoding zone, the part of the scanning slice of having decoded, decoding device must grasp data to decode in the initial address of JPEG bit stream from the local decoding of next scanning slice zone, but because the JPEG bit stream is to form with the variable-length compressed encoding, therefore, this also must carry out the variable-length compression coding to other zone between the local decoding of the next scanning slice zone now, learns the initial address of the local decoding of next scanning slice area data at the JPEG bit stream.In addition, because the scanning slice in the gradual JPEG bit stream relies on mutually, when just decoding one of them scanning slice, must with reference to before scanning slice, so desorption coefficient reference also must be stored to internal memory for the follow up scan layer decoder time of the generation of decoding before.Yet, being subject to the restriction of memory size, the buffering area that whole image size can't be provided is to store the coefficient of before being decoded.Again, must be with reference to the reason of desorption coefficient before, ITU is the Hofmann decoding of chapters and sections defined during the stage G.1.2.3 in the specification T.81, must with reference to before scanning slice in the non-zero history of coefficient of the same position that solved, whether once be non-zero just.So the present invention only need write down the non-zero history of representing each desorption coefficient, and need not write down all desorption coefficients, can use for Hofmann decoding.Again, a historical position (bit) record that only needs of the non-zero of each coefficient get final product, so the buffering area that writes down coefficient non-zero history do not need too greatly, makes the required memory size of decode procedure greatly reduce.
Please refer to Fig. 3, it illustrates and is the regional layout according to the scanning slice of one embodiment of the present invention.Be example with two scanning slices among this figure: scanning slice (0) and scanning slice (1).Scanning slice (0) comprises 3 MCU row with the zone (0) of scanning slice (1), and zone (1) comprises 6 MCU row, and zone (2) comprises 6 MCU row, and zone (3) comprises 5 MCU row.
Please refer to Fig. 4, it illustrates a kind of progressive JPEG decoding device calcspar according to one embodiment of the present invention.Decoding device 400 comprises internal memory 402, memory management unit 404 and processing unit 406.In order to receive the JPEG bit stream, its decoding back is produced desorption coefficient and exports display unit 410 to, with show image on monitor.Processing unit 406 for example be digital signal processor (Digital SignalProcessor, DSP), in order to carry out according to a progressive JPEG coding/decoding method of the present invention.Memory management unit 404 is in order to control all access commands to internal memory 402.
Please refer to Fig. 5, it illustrates and is progressive JPEG coding/decoding method flow chart.The coding/decoding method of present embodiment comprises first decoding program and second decoding program.Include coefficient buffering area (coefficientbuffer), non-zero history buffer (non-zero history buffer) and initial address buffering area in the internal memory.The coefficient buffering area is in order to store the desorption coefficient behind the regional variable-length compression coding of local decoding, the non-zero history buffer is in order to storing the non-zero history of these a little coefficients of region beyond the local decoding zone, and the initial address buffering area is in order to store in each scanning slice each zone in the original position of JPEG bit stream.In first decoding program, at first, receive the data of the one scan layer of JPEG bit stream, shown in step 502.Then, scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones, shown in step 504.At this moment, the layout in the zone that each scanning slice is divided is identical, that is to say, first area size of each scanning slice is identical, and second area size is also identical ...., the rest may be inferred.Then select first zone, it is defined as local decoding zone, shown in step 506.Then, the data of scanning slice are decoded, according to the part of scanning slice decoding area relative data produce a plurality of desorption coefficients, according to the pairing data of All Ranges beyond the decoding zone, part of scanning slice produce a plurality of coefficients non-zero history, and produce each regional initial address beyond the decoding zone, part of scanning slice, and it is stored in the internal memory corresponding desorption coefficient buffering area, non-zero history buffer and initial address buffering area, shown in step 508.Since the desorption coefficient in the local decoding of storage zone, but not the desorption coefficient of whole scanning slice reaches all the other regional nonzero coefficient and addresses, so can lower the demand of memory size greatly.Then, export this a little desorption coefficients, shown in step 510.Then, check that all scanning slices in the JPEG bit stream whether had all been carried out first decoding program, shown in step 512, if, then carry out second decoding program, if not, then select next scanning slice and repeating step 502.
In second decoding program, select a zone of not decoding earlier, shown in step 520.Then, select a scanning slice, shown in step 522.Then, its data are read in and decode according to this regional initial address of this scanning slice, shown in step 524.Then, the output decoder coefficient is shown in step 526.Check that then whether all this zone of scanning slice decode all, if, then enter step 530, if not, then get back to step 522.In step 530, check whether the All Ranges of this JPEG bit stream has all been decoded to finish, if then method ends if not, is then got back to other zone that step 520 continues to separate all scanning slices.
By top narration as can be known, first decoding program is decoded each scanning slice is complete respectively, but only writes down first regional desorption coefficient, and the non-zero history and the initial address of its coefficient only write down in all the other zones.Each regional initial address that second decoding program is then write down according to first decoding program directly reads the data in local decoding zone from the JPEG bit stream, decode, and therefore, these a little zones beyond the local decoding zone no longer need to decode.So the non-zero history buffer just can reconfigure for the coefficient buffering area and use in first decoding program, so that bigger memory capacity to be provided, amplify the decoding zone, part of second decoding program, thus, the decoding number of times can effectively reduce.
The program that disclosed progressive JPEG decoding device of the above embodiment of the present invention and method can be decoded under the situation of limited internal memory.
In sum; though the present invention discloses as above with a preferred embodiment; right its is not in order to limit the present invention; any those skilled in the art; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; should do various changes and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when looking the scope that the accompanying Claim book defined.
Claims (20)
1. a progressive JPEG coding/decoding method is used for a progressive JPEG decoding device, and a JPEG bit stream is decoded and become an image data, this decoding device comprises an internal memory, and this method comprises:
Receive the data of the one scan layer of this JPEG bit stream;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Select one of these zones, it is defined as a local decoding zone;
The data of this scanning slice are decoded, produce a plurality of desorption coefficients and once be the desorption coefficient of non-zero according to this part decoding area relative data of this scanning slice, and it is stored to this internal memory according to what these area relative data beyond this decoding zone, part of this scanning slice produced a plurality of desorption coefficients; And
Export these desorption coefficients, these desorption coefficients are this image data of part.
2. the method for claim 1 after wherein the data of this scanning slice being decoded, also writes down this part of this scanning slice and decodes zone these regional initial addresses in addition to this internal memory.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, when wherein being decoded in these zones beyond the decoding zone, this part, according to these initial addresses with from this JPEG bit stream reading of data.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein these regional numbers determine according to the size of this internal memory.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein the unit of the size in these zones is minimum codec unit row.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein this JPEG image data comprises a plurality of scanning slices, in these scanning slices first is in order to represent the part of this image data, to be shown as a rough image, remaining these scanning slice is in order to promote the quality of this rough image, and all decoding to finish when these all scanning slices promptly forms this image data.
7. a progressive JPEG coding/decoding method is used for a progressive JPEG decoding device, and this decoding device comprises an internal memory, in order to receive a JPEG bit stream and to export an image data according to this, can show an image according to this image data, and this method comprises:
Receive the one scan layer of this JPEG bit stream;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Carry out one first decoding program, comprising:
First of these zones is defined as a local decoding zone; And
These scanning slice data are decoded, and store this decoding zone, part that the decoding back produces a plurality of desorption coefficients, these zones beyond this decoding zone, part a plurality of desorption coefficients once be non-zero desorption coefficient, and these decoding zone, part these regional initial addresses in addition to this internal memory; And
Carry out one second decoding program, comprising:
Read relevant data and decode from this JPEG bit stream according to these the regional initial addresses beyond the decoding zone, this part respectively, and store a plurality of desorption coefficients that the decoding back produces; And
Export these desorption coefficients, to form this image data.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein these regional numbers determine according to the size of this internal memory.
9. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the unit of the size in these zones is minimum codec unit row.
10. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein this JPEG image data comprises a plurality of scanning slices, in these scanning slices first is in order to represent the part of this image data, to be shown as a rough image, remaining these scanning slice is in order to promote the quality of this rough image, and all decoding to finish when these all scanning slices promptly forms this image data.
11. a JPEG decoding device, in order to receive a JPEG bit stream and to export an image data according to this, this decoding device comprises:
One internal memory;
One memory management unit couples with this internal memory, in order to control the access action of this internal memory; And
One processing unit couples with this internal memory and this memory management unit, in order to receiving this JPEG bit stream, and after carrying out a JPEG coding/decoding method, exports this image data;
Wherein, this JPEG coding/decoding method comprises:
Receive the data of the one scan layer of this JPEG image data;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Select one of these zones to be defined as a local decoding zone;
These scanning slice data are decoded, these part regional data of decoding according to this scanning slice produce a plurality of desorption coefficients, and once be the desorption coefficient of non-zero, and it is stored to this internal memory according to what these the regional data beyond the decoding zone, this part of this scanning slice produced a plurality of desorption coefficients; And
Export these desorption coefficients, these desorption coefficients are this image data of part.
12. decoding device as claimed in claim 11, wherein this processing unit is a digital signal processing unit.
13. decoding device as claimed in claim 11, when wherein being decoded in these zones beyond the decoding zone, this part, according to these regional initial addresses with from this JPEG bit stream reading of data.
14. decoding device as claimed in claim 11, wherein these regional numbers determine according to the size of this internal memory.
15. decoding device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the unit of the size in these zones is minimum codec unit row.
16. decoding device as claimed in claim 11, wherein this JPEG image data comprises a plurality of scanning slices, in these scanning slices first is in order to represent the part of this image data, to be shown as a rough image, remaining these scanning slice is in order to promote the quality of this rough image, and all decoding to finish when these all scanning slices promptly forms this image data.
17. a JPEG decoding device, in order to receive a JPEG bit stream and to export an image data according to this, this decoding device comprises:
One internal memory;
One memory management unit couples with this internal memory, in order to control the access action of this internal memory; And
One processing unit couples with this internal memory and this memory management unit, in order to receiving this JPEG bit stream, and after carrying out a JPEG coding/decoding method, exports this image data;
Wherein, this JPEG coding/decoding method comprises:
Receive the one scan layer of this JPEG bit stream;
This scanning slice is divided into a plurality of zones;
Carry out one first decoding program, comprising:
First of these zones is defined as a local decoding zone; And
These scanning slice data are decoded, and store this decoding zone, part that the decoding back produces a plurality of desorption coefficients, these zones beyond this decoding zone, part a plurality of desorption coefficients once be non-zero desorption coefficient, and these decoding zone, part these regional initial addresses in addition to this internal memory; Carry out one second decoding program, comprising:
Read relevant data and decode from this JPEG bit stream according to these the regional initial addresses beyond the decoding zone, this part respectively, and store a plurality of desorption coefficients that the decoding back produces; And
Export these desorption coefficients, to form this image data.
18. decoding device as claimed in claim 17, wherein these regional numbers determine according to the size of this internal memory.
19. decoding device as claimed in claim 17, wherein the unit of the size in these zones is minimum codec unit row.
20. decoding device as claimed in claim 17, wherein this JPEG image data comprises a plurality of scanning slices, in these scanning slices first is in order to represent the part of this image data, to be shown as a rough image, remaining these scanning slice is in order to promote the quality of this rough image, and all decoding to finish when these all scanning slices promptly forms this image data.
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| US6345126B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2002-02-05 | Xerox Corporation | Method for transmitting data using an embedded bit stream produced in a hierarchical table-lookup vector quantizer |
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| JPH02171084A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1990-07-02 | Nec Corp | System and device for coding picture signal |
| US5724070A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1998-03-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Common digital representation of still images for data transfer with both slow and fast data transfer rates |
| CN1197523A (en) * | 1996-07-03 | 1998-10-28 | 摩托罗拉公司 | Method and appts. for scanning of transform coefficients |
| US6111566A (en) * | 1997-01-31 | 2000-08-29 | Fujitsu Limited | Apparatus of data decompression and processing and method therefor and computer readable medium |
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